Explore the chapter ‘Nutrition in Animals’ for Class 7 Science. Learn about the digestion process, animal feeding habits, the human digestive system, and more with simple explanations and diagrams.
BOSEM Solutions for Nutrition In Animals
Find detailed solutions for the chapter ‘Nutrition in Animals’ for Class 7 Science. Understand concepts like digestion, absorption, and the human digestive system with step-by-step answers
Textbook Solutions
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The main nutrition steps are ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and egestion.
(b) The largest gland in the human body is the liver.
(c) The stomach releases hydrochloric acid and digestive juices which act on food.
(d) The inner wall of the small intestine has many finger-like outgrowths called villi.
(e) Amoeba digest its food in the vacuole.
2. Mark “T” if the statement is true and “f” if false.
(a) Digestion of starch starts in the stomach
Ans: F
(b) The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva.
Ans: T
(c) The gallbladder temporarily stores bile
Ans: T
(d) The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for sometime
Ans: T
3. Tick the correct answer in each of the following
a) Fat is completely digested in the
Ans: Small Intestine
b) Water from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in the
Ans: Large intestine
4. Match the items of column I with those given in the column II
Ans:
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | Sugar |
| Proteins | Amino acids |
| Fats | Glycerol |
Q5. What are villi? What are their location and function?
Ans: Villi are the finger-like outgrowths that are present on the inner wall of the small intestine. Villi are located in the small intestine. Their function is to absorb the digested food and transport it to different organs through blood vessels.
Q6. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?
Ans: The bile is produced in the liver. It helps in the digestion of fats.
Q7. Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans. Give the reason also.
Ans: The type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans is cellulose. Cellulose is digested by the action of certain bacteria which are present only in ruminants and not in humans.
Q8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Ans:- Glucose is a simple sugar which can be easily absorbed by the body into the blood. It does not have to be digested, therefore we get instant energy from glucose.
Q9. Which part of the digestive canal is involved in
(i) Absorption of food
Ans: Small intestine
(ii) Chewing of food
Ans:- Buccal cavity
(iii) Killing of bacteria
Ans: Stomach
(iv) Complete digestion of food
Ans: Small intestine
(v) Formation of faeces
Ans: Large intestine
Q10. Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in Amoeba and human beings
Ans:
Similarity: Both Amoeba and human beings derive nutrition from other organisms.
Difference: Human beings have a complex digestive system with different organs while Amoeba do not have different organs and digestion is done in the vacuole
Q11. Match the items in column I with suitable items in column II
Ans:
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| Salivary glands | Saliva secretion |
| Stomach | Acid release |
| Liver | Bile juice secretion |
| Rectum | Release of faeces |
| Small Intestine | Digestion is completed |
| Large Intestine | Storage of undigested food |
Q12. label the following figure of the digestive system
Q12. Can we survive only on raw, leafy vegetables/grass? Discuss.
Ans: No, we cannot survive only on raw, leafy vegetables or grass because grass is rich in cellulose which humans are unable to digest due to the absence of some bacteria that can break down cellulose.
Nutrition In Animals Extra Questions and Answers
Access the extra questions and answers for the chapter ‘Nutrition in Animals’ from Class 7 Science. Practice important topics like digestion, feeding habits, and the human digestive system to excel in exams.
1. What is digestion?
Ans: The breakdown of complex components of food into simpler substances is called
digestion.
2. What are the different parts of the digestive system in humans?
Ans: The different parts of the digestive system in humans are
(i) Mouth or buccal cavity (ii) Food pipe or Oesophagus (iii) Stomach (iv) Small intestine (v) Large intestine (vi) Anus.
3. What are the main functions of (a) Mouth (b) Oesophagus (c) Stomach (d) Small intestine (e) Large intestine (f) Anus
Ans:
(a) Mouth: Digestion starts at the mouth by chewing and mixing with saliva to form a smooth, rounded mass of food to pass easily to the oesophagus.
(b) Oesophagus: The movement of the oesophagus wall pushes the food down to the stomach.
(C) Stomach: Stomach secretes acid and enzymes to digest food.
(d) Small intestine: The digested food is absorbed by the small intestine. This is done with the help of villi found on the inner wall of the small intestine.
(e) Large intestine: The undigested food material is absorbed by the large intestine and remains here as semi-solid faeces.
(f) Anus: The faecal matter is removed through the anus.
4. What is absorption?
Ans:- The passing of the digested food into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestines is called absorption.
5. What is assimilation?
Ans:- After the absorption of food by the small intestine, it is stored or utilised in different cells. This is called assimilation.
6. Write three functions of the tongue. Ans:- i) We use tongues for talking.
ii) Tongue mixes saliva with the food during chewing and helps in swallowing food.
ii) The tongue has taste buds that detect different tastes of food
7. How many types of teeth are there in human beings? Name them.
Ans:- There are four types of teeth in human beings.
They are i) Incisor (ii) Canine (iii)Premolar (iv) Molar
8. What are the functions of the different types of teeth?
Ans:- The functions of the different types of teeth are:-
a) Incisors – cutting and biting
b) Canines – piercing and tearing
c) Premolars and molars – chewing and grinding
9. How many teeth are present in an adult human being? What are the different types and numbers?
Ans: There are 32 teeth in an adult human being. They are:
| Types of teeth | Upper Jaw | Lower Jaw |
|---|---|---|
| Molars | 6 | 6 |
| Premolars | 4 | 4 |
| Canines | 2 | 2 |
| Incisors | 4 | 4 |
10. Write the function of the following:
- Saliva
- Hydrochloric acid
- Bile Juice
- Pancreatic Juice
Ans:
- Saliva: The function of saliva is to digest starch and convert it into sugar.
- Hydrochloric acid: The function of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in our stomach kills the bacteria present in our food.
- Bile juice: Bile Juice is responsible for the digestion of fats.
- Pancreatic Juice: Pancreatic juice helps in the digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
11. Explain the process of digestion in different parts of the digestive system.
Ans: The process of digestion in different parts of the digestive system is
(1) MOUTH AND BUCCAL CAVITY
The food is taken into the body through the mouth. The food is chewed and ground with the help of teeth. It is mixed with saliva which breaks down the starch into sugars
(2) FOOD PIPE OR OESOPHAGUS
The swallowed food passes into the food pipe or oesophagus. The movement of the wall of the food pipe pushes the food down to stomach
(3) STOMACH
The stomach is a thick-walled bag. It receives food from the food pipe at one end and opens into the small intestine at the other. The acid present in the stomach kills the bacteria that enter along with the food. The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.
(4) SMALL INTESTINE
The partly digested food from the stomach reaches the small intestine. Here, digestion is completed with the help of secretions received from the liver, pancreas and the small intestine itself. The carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, fats into fatty acids and glycerol and proteins into amino acids.
(5) LARGE INTESTINE
The large intestine absorbs water and some salts from the undigested food material. The remaining waste passes into the rectum and is removed through the anus from time to time.
12. What are ruminants?
Ans:- Grazing animals like cows, buffaloes and deer are known as ruminants.
13. What is rumination?
The ruminants quickly ingest, and swallow their leafy food and store it in a part of the stomach called the rumen. Later the food returns to the mouth and they chew it. This process is called rumination.
14. How does digestion take place in Amoeba?
Ans:- Amoeba ingests its food with the help of its false feet called pseudopodia. The food is digested in the food vacuole.
15. What are pseudopodia?
Ans:- Pseudopodia are finger-like projections used for movement and capturing of food by Amoeba.
