The lesson “Human Environment Settlement Transport And Communication” is the 6th lesson for class 7 social science, Board of Secondary Education Manipur. You can access this page’s solved questions, answers, and notes.
- Chapter Name: Human Environment Settlement Transport, Transport And Communication
- Subject: Social Science
- Lesson: 6
- Class: 7
- Board: Board Of Secondary Education Manipur (BOSEM/BSEM)
- Contents: Questions and Answers, Explanation Video and notes
Human Environment Settlement Transport And Communication Answers
The answers for the lesson Human Environment: Settlement, Transport And Communication comprise very short and short answers. You can access all the solved answers below.
Answer the following questions in a sentence
Q1. What is meant by the linear pattern of rural settlement?
Ans: The linear pattern of rural settlement develops when houses are built in a line along a river or a railway track a canal or a road.
Q2. Give one point of advantage of road transport.
Ans: Road transport gives us door-to-door transport.
Q3. Name the two terminals of the Trans-Siberian railway.
Ans: St. Petersburg in Western Russia with Vladivostok in Eastern Russia.
Answer the following questions in about 100 words each
Q1. Describe the main ocean routes of the world.
Ans: The main routes of the world are
- North Atlantic Ocean route – The busiest route, connects the eastern part of North America with Western Europe.
- Panama Canal route — Connects the Pacific Ocean with the Atlantic Ocean.
- Suez Canal route — Links Asia, Australia and East Africa with Western Europe.
- North Pacific route — Connects Western North America with East Asia.
Q2. Write about the main transcontinental railway routes.
Ans: The main trans-continental railway routes are
- Trans — Siberian Railways — Longest railway lines, connecting St. Petersburg in Western Russia with Vladivostok in Eastern Russia.
- Canadian Pacific railways — Connect Halifax on the Atlantic coast with
Vancouver on the Pacific coast. - Trans — Australian Railways — runs along the southern coast of Australia linking
Sydney with Perth.
Q3. Write a note on the pipeline transport.
Ans. Transportation of materials such as oil and gas through pipelines is known as pipeline transport. ne pipeline is useful in carrying petroleum and gas from the regions of production to the regions of consumption. Oil from Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia is brought through pipelines to the Mediterranean coast.
Q4. Mention the advantages of satellite communication.
Ans: The Man-made satellite facilitates the use of computers and the internet. It also helps us in oil exploration, forest survey, underground water location, agriculture and weather forecasting.
Choose the correct answer
1. In rural settlements the people are engaged in
a) Primary occupation
b) Secondary occupation
c) Tertiary occupation
d) Quaternary occupation
Ans: Primary occupation
2. Which type of town does Moreh belong to?
a) Cultural
b) Industrial
c) Administrative
d) Market
Ans: Market
3. The quickest means of communication is
a) Postal service
b) Courier service
c) E-mail
d) Telegram
Ans: E-mail
Fill in the blanks with suitable words
a) For carrying heavy and bulky materials over long distances Railways are the best mode of transportation.
b) In Germany, highways are called autobahns.
c) Metro railways are found in Delhi and Kolkata.
d) The cheapest means of transport is water transport.
e) In India the Ganga and the Brahmaputra are the navigable rivers.
Human Environment Settlement Transport And Communication Notes
Humans can change the natural environment to some extent. In the early days, people survived by hunting and gathering food. They moved from place to place in search of food, leading a nomadic life. Over time, they began practising agriculture and domesticating animals, which allowed them to settle in one place permanently.
Settlements
A settlement is a group of houses where people live. The most important factor for the growth of a settlement is the availability of water. The landscape, or topography, also plays a significant role. Flat plains are often chosen as sites for towns or cities, and natural beauty can attract people to certain areas.
Settlements can be rural or urban. In rural areas, people typically work in agriculture, fishing, mining, or animal rearing. Urban settlements, on the other hand, have a larger population engaged in industries, trade, transportation, and other services.
Rural Settlement
Rural settlements vary in size, ranging from isolated houses to entire villages.
- Dispersed Settlement: Houses are scattered in isolated locations, often in hilly regions or farmlands.
- Compact Settlement: Houses are built close together around a central area. These settlements are typically found in flat plains or near rivers, with schools and markets nearby to serve the residents.
Patterns of Rural Settlement
- Linear Pattern: Houses are arranged in a line along features like a river, railway, canal, or road, such as along National Highway No. 37 in Manipur.
- Circular Pattern: This pattern develops around a pond or lake, forming a semi-circular shape, and eventually expands around the water body.
- Rectangular Pattern: Occurs when two routes cross at right angles, with houses built along the roads in all four directions.
- Triangular Pattern: Forms at the meeting point of two rivers, with land and houses positioned between the rivers.
Urban Settlement
- Administrative Towns: These are the headquarters for the central and state governments’ administrative departments.
- Defence Towns: Centers for military activities.
- Cultural Towns: Centers for art, culture, and education, such as Shantiniketan and Oxford.
- Mining Towns: Developed in areas with mining activities.
- Regional Towns: Centers for religious activities, like Varanasi and Jerusalem.
- Industrial Towns: Developed due to the establishment of industries, examples include Jamshedpur and Osaka.
- Market Towns: Act as hubs for the exchange of goods, like Chicago and Kanpur.
Transport
Transport facilitates the movement of people and goods from one place to another, promoting economic activity. Today, the world feels smaller due to advancements in transportation.
Roadways
Roadways provide door-to-door service, which is especially important in rural areas. The United States has about one-third of the world’s road mileage, referred to as highways. In India, road density is still lower compared to many other countries.
Railways
Railways are the most important form of land transport, carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. Originally powered by coal, trains now run on diesel or electric engines. Factors such as population density and economic development influence the growth of railways. India has the fourth-largest railway network in the world.
Waterways
Water transport is the cheapest mode of transportation and is highly useful for international trade. Today, we use large boats, trawlers, and ships that are fast and often highly mechanized.
- Inland Waterways: Include navigable rivers, lakes, and canals such as the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Nile, and Rhine rivers.
- Ocean Transport: International trade mainly relies on ocean transport, with key routes including the North Atlantic Ocean route, Panama Canal route, Suez Canal route, and the Cape of Good Hope route.
Air Transport
Air transport is the fastest but also the most expensive mode of transportation. The United States has the most advanced air transport system. Air services are generally divided into two categories: domestic and international.
Pipeline Transport
Pipeline transport is used to move materials like oil and gas. For example, oil is transported from Iran, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia through pipelines to the Mediterranean coast. In India, oil from Kandla port is transported to the Mathura refinery through a pipeline, and Assam’s oilfields connect to the Barauni refinery in Bihar.
Communication
Communication involves sending messages and ideas from one person to another, which helps in sharing knowledge and information.
The postal system, introduced in the 20th century, plays a significant role in communication in India. The country has a vast network of post offices offering services such as telegrams, speed post, etc. Courier services are also available for faster delivery.
Telephone and fax machines are widely used globally. Recently, satellite communication has become very helpful, enabling the Internet and other forms of communication. Computers are widely used for sending emails. In India, satellites are used for oil exploration, forest surveys, underground water locations, agriculture, and weather forecasting.
Newspapers, radio, and television are effective forms of mass communication, spreading information quickly.
The world is shrinking due to the rapid development of transport and communication technologies.
