Components Of Food Class 6 Science Solutions

Explore the Class 6 Science lesson ‘Components of Food’ for BOSEM and CBSE. Learn about essential nutrients, balanced diets, and deficiency diseases. Here is a detailed study guide to help students excel in understanding food components.

Contents

About the Lesson “Components of Food”

The lesson “Components of Food” in Class 6 Science introduces students to the fundamental building blocks of nutrition that our body needs to function properly. It covers the different nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, emphasizing their roles in maintaining health and energy. The chapter also highlights the importance of roughage (dietary fibre) for digestion and water’s crucial role in various bodily functions. Understanding these components helps students learn about a balanced diet and the causes of deficiency diseases. This knowledge forms the basis for developing healthy eating habits and making informed food choices.

Learning Objectives

  • To understand the different components of food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, roughage, and water.
  • To learn about the role and function of each nutrient in the human body.
  • To identify the sources of these nutrients in our daily diet.
  • To recognize the importance of a balanced diet for maintaining good health.
  • To gain knowledge about deficiency diseases and how they are caused by a lack of specific nutrients.
  • To encourage healthy eating habits among students by making them aware of the nutritional value of food.

Solutions for Components of Food

The Solutions for the chapter Components of Food are as follows

Answer the following questions

Q1. Name the major nutrients in our food.
Ans. The major nutrients in our food are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

Q2. Name the following:
(a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body.
Ans. Carbohydrates and fats.

(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.
Ans. Proteins and minerals.

(c) A vitamin is required for maintaining good eyesight.
Ans. Vitamin A.

(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy.
Ans. Calcium.

Q3. Name two foods each rich in:
(a) Fats
Ans. Butter, peanuts.

(b) Starch
Ans. Rice, potato.

(c) Dietary fibre
Ans. Fresh fruits and vegetables.

(d) Protein
Ans. Eggs and fish.

Q4. Tick (✔) the correct statements.

  1. By eating rice alone, we can fulfil the nutritional requirements of our bodies (X)
  2. Deficiency disease can be prevented by eating a balanced diet. (✔)
  3. A balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of food items. (X)
  4. Meat alone is sufficient to provide all the nutrients to our body. (X)

Q5. Fill in the blanks.

  1. Rickets is caused by the deficiency of vitamin D
  2. A deficiency of vitamin B1 causes a disease known as beriberi.
  3. Deficiency of vitamin C causes a disease known as scurvy.
  4. Night blindness is caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.

Components of Food Extra questions and answers

Q1. What is a balanced diet?
Ans. A balanced diet is an adequate amount of food consisting of all nutrients in the right proportion as required by the body for proper maintenance of health.

Q2. What are deficiency diseases?
Ans. Diseases that occur due to a lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

Q3. What are the symptoms of protein deficiency disease?
Ans. The symptoms of protein deficiency disease are stunted growth, swelling of the face, discolouration of hair, skin diseases, etc.

Q4. Which Vitamin gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking?
Ans. Vitamin C.

Q5. Write some sources of Vitamin A.
Ans. Some sources of Vitamin A are papaya, milk, carrot, mango, etc.

Q6. Write some sources of Vitamin B.
Ans. Some sources of Vitamin B are wheat, rice, fish, liver, etc.

Q7. Write some sources of Vitamin C.
Ans. Some sources of Vitamin C are tomato, guava, lemon, green chilli, etc.

Q8. Why is roughage important to our body?
Ans. Roughage is important to our body because it helps in removing undigested food from our body.

Q9. Write the importance of water to our body.
Ans. Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food and it also removes wastes as urine and sweat from our body.

Important Points To Remember

Nutrients and Their Functions:

  • Carbohydrates: Main source of energy for the body.
  • Proteins: Essential for growth, repair, and building muscles.
  • Fats: Provide more energy than carbohydrates and help absorb vitamins.
  • Vitamins: Help regulate body processes and prevent diseases.
  • Minerals: Important for bone health, blood formation, and other functions.

Sources of Nutrients:

  • Carbohydrates: Found in foods like rice, wheat, bread, and potatoes.
  • Proteins: Found in pulses, eggs, meat, fish, and dairy products.
  • Fats: Found in oils, butter, ghee, nuts, and seeds.
  • Vitamins: Found in fruits, vegetables, milk, and fish.
  • Minerals: Found in foods like green leafy vegetables, nuts, dairy, and seafood.

Balanced Diet:

  • A balanced diet contains the right amounts of all nutrients, roughage, and water to maintain good health.
  • It helps the body grow, repair itself, and stay active.

Role of Roughage and Water:

  • Roughage (Dietary Fiber): Helps in digestion and prevents constipation.
  • Water: Essential for various bodily functions like digestion, absorption, and removal of waste.

Deficiency Diseases:

  • Lack of specific nutrients in the diet can lead to deficiency diseases, such as:
    • Scurvy: Caused by a lack of Vitamin C.
    • Rickets: Caused by a lack of Vitamin D.
    • Anaemia: Caused by a lack of iron.

Important Terms and Definitions

  • Nutrients: Substances present in food that are essential for growth, development, and maintaining life. They provide energy, help in body functions, and are required for the overall health of the body.
  • Carbohydrates: Nutrients that are the primary source of energy for the body. They are found in foods like rice, bread, potatoes, and sugar.
  • Proteins: Nutrients that are essential for the growth and repair of tissues. They also play a key role in building muscles and other body parts. Common sources include eggs, meat, pulses, and dairy products.
  • Fats: Nutrients that provide more energy than carbohydrates. They also help in the absorption of vitamins and act as a reserve of energy for the body. Fats are found in oils, butter, nuts, and seeds.
  • Vitamins: Organic compounds that are crucial for various bodily functions. Different vitamins (such as A, B, C, D, E, and K) have specific roles in maintaining health, and growth and preventing diseases.
  • Minerals: Inorganic elements that are vital for the proper functioning of the body. They are needed for strong bones, teeth, muscle function, and blood formation. Examples include calcium, iron, potassium, and magnesium.
  • Roughage (Dietary Fiber): The indigestible part of plant-based foods that aids in digestion and prevents constipation. It helps in maintaining a healthy digestive system and is found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Water: An essential component for all life processes. It helps in digestion, transportation of nutrients, regulation of body temperature, and removal of waste from the body.
  • Balanced Diet: A diet that contains the right amounts of all nutrients, roughage, and water required to maintain good health. It ensures that the body gets everything it needs for energy, growth, and repair.
  • Deficiency Diseases: Diseases that occur due to the lack of specific nutrients in the diet. Examples include:
  • Scurvy: Caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C, leading to bleeding gums and weakness.
  • Rickets: Caused by a lack of Vitamin D, leading to weak bones.
  • Anaemia: Caused by a deficiency of iron, leading to a reduced number of red blood cells.
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