The lesson “The Sultans Of Delhi” is the 10th lesson for class 7 social science, Board of Secondary Education Manipur. All the solutions and important notes for this chapter are provided.
- Chapter Name: The Sultans Of Delhi
- Subject: Social Science
- Lesson: 10
- Class: 7
- Board: Board Of Secondary Education Manipur (BOSEM/BSEM)
- Contents: Questions and Answers, Explanation Video and notes
The Sultans Of Delhi Questions and Answers
The solutions for the Chapter “The Sultans Of Delhi” are provided below.
Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence:
a) Who were the Bandagans?
Ans: Bandagans were special slaves who were purchased for military services and certain administrative function
b) Why did Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq transfer his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in Deccan?
Ans: He believed that Daulatabad would be more suitable for controlling both northern and southern India.
c) Name the event which hastened the decline of the Delhi Sultanate.
Ans: Timur’s invasion in 1398 AD hastened the decline of the Delhi Sultanate.
Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words each:
a) State two functions of the Iqtadars.
Ans: The two functions of the Iqtadars are as follows:
- Iqtadars were responsible for leading military campaigns and maintaining law and order.
- They collected revenues from the Iqtas or lands.
b) How did Ala-ud-Din Khalji try to control the Iqtadars?
Ans: To maintain control over the Iqtadars, Ala-ud-Din Khalji made the post-non-hereditary and assigned Iqtas for short periods, strictly enforcing these conditions.
c) How did the Delhi sultans try to control the hinterlands of the garrison towns?
Ans: The Delhi sultans conducted military campaigns in the hinterlands of garrison towns, cleared forests, and expelled hunter-gatherers to bring these areas under control.
d) How were the markets regulated during the time of Ala-ud-Din Khalji?
Ans: The markets were regulated as follows:
- Three markets were established, each selling different commodities, and the prices of all goods were fixed.
- Every merchant was required to register themselves.
- An official known as Shahna-i-Mandi was appointed to oversee each market.
Choose the correct answer:
1) Who among the following has been referred to as the “ill-starred idealist”?
A) Razia Begum
B) Ghiyas-ud-Din Balban
C) Ala-ud-Din Khalji
D) Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq
Ans: D) Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq
2) The garrison town of Siri was constructed by:
A) Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq
B) Ala-ud-Din Khalji
C) Ghiyas-ud-Din Balban
D) Qutb-ud-Din Aibak
Ans: B) Ala-ud-Din Khalji
Match the following
Ans:
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| Iltumish | Bandagan |
| Rezia Begum | First Muslim Lady Sultan |
| Qutub-ud-Din-Aibak | Qutub Minar |
| Ala-Ud-Din-Khalji | Market Regulation |
| Mohammad Bin Tughlaq | Token Currency |
The Sultans Of Delhi Important Notes
The Qutub Minar in Delhi was the tallest structure in medieval India, built by Qutub-ud-Din Aibak.
Qutub-ud-Din Aibak was a slave to Mohammad Ghori and later founded the Slave Dynasty, establishing the Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 AD). The Delhi Sultanate was ruled by several dynasties, including the Slave Dynasty, Khaljis, Tughlaqs, Sayyids, and Lodis.
Sources:
Various historical sources, such as inscriptions, coins, architecture, and Tawarikh (chronicles), provide valuable information about the Delhi Sultanate, with the most crucial being the Tawarikh.
A. Expansion of the Sultanate:
📜 In the thirteenth century, the Delhi Sultans’ control was initially limited to garrison towns, relying on trade, tributes, and plunder for survival.
📜 The Sultanate’s authority was often challenged, notably by Mongol invasions.
📜 Despite these challenges, the Delhi Sultanate undertook military campaigns to expand and consolidate its empire.
📜 The Qutub Minar, initiated by Qutub-ud-Din Aibak, was completed by his successor, Iltutmish. It served both as a victory tower and a minaret for the adjacent Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque.
📜 The Tawarikh, written by contemporary historians like Ziauddin Barani and Ibn Battuta, offer critical insights into the political, social, and economic aspects of the Sultanate.
📜 The expansion of the Sultanate under rulers like Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad bin Tughlaq extended its influence from the Himalayas in the north to the Deccan in the south.
B. Consolidation of the Empire
The Khaljis
📜 The Delhi Sultanate was firmly established in the Upper Ganga Valley and Eastern Rajasthan when Alauddin Khalji ascended the throne.
📜 To effectively administer the empire, the Bandagan system was introduced, where special slaves were purchased for military service and trained to perform specific administrative functions.
📜 The land known as Iqta was granted to military commanders, and the landowners were referred to as Iqtadars or Muqtis. In return, they were to lead military campaigns and maintain law and order in their assigned regions.
📜 Alauddin Khalji is known for his market control policies and price control measures, which were implemented to curb inflation and ensure supplies for his military campaigns.
📜 The Khalji dynasty expanded the Sultanate’s territory significantly through military conquests, including the successful invasions of the Deccan and Gujarat.
C. The Tughlaqs: A Case Study
The Tughlaq Dynasty was founded by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq in 1320 AD, and the most famous of the Tughlaq rulers was Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351 AD).
Muhammad bin Tughlaq was known as an “ill-starred idealist” because many of his innovative experiments failed due to various reasons.
- Some of his significant experiments included the following:
- High taxation in the Doab region, led to widespread discontent.
- Shifting the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad was intended to better control the Deccan region but resulted in great hardship for the people.
- The introduction of token currency, led to economic chaos as it was widely counterfeited.
📜 Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s reign is often described as a paradox of brilliance and failure. While his ideas were advanced, his implementation often lacked practicality, leading to administrative failures.
📜 After the Tughlaqs, the Sayyid Dynasty ruled Delhi from 1414 to 1451 AD.
📜 The Lodi Dynasty was founded in 1451 AD by Bahlol Lodi. The dynasty’s rule ended in 1526 AD when Ibrahim Lodi was defeated by Babur at the First Battle of Panipat, marking the beginning of the Mughal Empire in India.
